What does anti-institutionalism look like in the Netherlands, and should it be considered a form of (violent) extremism?

A new report from ICCT, co-authored by Human Security Collective’s Fulco van Deventer and ICCT’s Bibi van Ginkel, examines the growing phenomenon of anti-institutionalism and its increasing impact on municipalities in the Netherlands. The report explores how movements like sovereign citizens challenge local governance and public institutions, and evaluates whether anti-institutionalism fits within existing definitions of extremism.

The report also assesses national and local policy responses, identifying both the challenges faced by policymakers and the opportunities to develop effective prevention strategies. With an in-depth look at the push and pull factors driving radicalisation, the report offers actionable recommendations for strengthening response mechanisms.

Read the report here.